The structural characteristic of 5 axes machine tool
The biggest distinction of machine tool of 5 axes treatment and common machine tool depends on it besides have normally outside 3 of the machine tool linear reference axis, still at least 2 rotate reference axis, and can treatment of 5 axes linkage.
And the distinction between machine tool of 5 axes treatment, besides what have vertical, horizontal especially, the structural type that still basically depends on them realizing 5 axes to move and 5 athletic allocation (configuration) go up. Generally speaking, 5 axes machine tool has type of 3 kinds of structures and kind of configuration of 3 kinds of motion, this both combination, can get having the structural kind of 9 kinds of likely 5 axes machine tools. Narrate to facilitate, we represent all sorts of different structure types respectively with Aij, if express,1 is shown.
J motion configures means I configuration
1
Traditional (string) structure 2
Shunt-wound structure 3
String, and (mix) coupling compose
1
5 motion are in completely A11 A21 A31 of cutting tool side
2
5 motion are in completely workpiece side A12 A22 A32
3
5 athletic allocation are in cutting tool and workpiece side A13 A23 A33
A11, if express 1 in definition, it is the machine tool of traditional series connection structure, 5 coordinate move (X, Y, Z, A, C) is centered in cutting tool a side to finish entirely, its are representative machining center of 5 axes vertical mixes the stationary of workbench of Millac 853 PE-5X that the product is like Japanese abundant and aircraft company the dragon door movable type that development of company of group of 2 machine tools produces Jinan is large milling machine of numerical control of 5 axes linkage. Their characteristic is workpiece / workbench is not moved, 5 motion by have rotate and swing main shaft head of the function (namely cutting tool a side) will finish. The machine tool of this kind of structure, the advantage is to agree with the large, heavy-duty housing that treatment has complex form side, wait like housing of bridge of plane keel, ala, large engine. Defect is athletic component quality big, force is large, unsuited machine at using exorbitant feed speed and acceleration. Although the quality that does not spend athletic part is big, but more constant, because cutting tool weight is opposite lesser, when changing cutting tool, to athletic component weight change is affected not quite, the athletic character of reason machine tool is stabler still. Another defect is the part of main shaft head that takes function of axis of A, C design and production demand is high, difficulty is great. Use worm gear especially / when worm and gear pass a structure, volume of main shaft head is larger.
The A12 machine tool that is traditional series construction, but 5 coordinates campaign all is finished centrally in workpiece a side. A kind of executive plan that goes easily simply is workbench of circumgyrate of a numerical control, workpiece outfit finishs four-axle to move on circumgyrate workbench (still not be) of 5 axes treatment, main shaft head is OK and fixed do not move.
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